BEIJING, Sept. 4 — The past 18 years of China-Africa relations
have made some people in the Western world uneasy as they churn out various
accusations against the Asian country’s role on the continent.
Some Western media and politicians have repeatedly labeled China as an
economic predator in Africa, claiming that China pillages natural
resources, steals local jobs, wrecks havoc on the environment and has
dragged the vast continent into a debt crisis. While such claims have
gained traction among those who have little knowledge about and ground
experience in Africa, they are as false as they are sensational. Facts
speak louder than words, and the facts show that China is not an economic
predator but rather a true development partner for African countries.
There is no denying that raw materials have been part of China-Africa
trade, but overlooked is the fact that Africa has also benefited from trade
with China as Africans gain access to affordable manufactured goods. Trade
is largely balanced even as it rapidly expands.
It is also interesting to note that most of the natural resources in Africa
are in the hands of Western-invested companies, while China only buys what
its development needs. Furthermore, thanks to Chinese investment and
technology transfers, many African countries are now on a solid path of
industrialization and agricultural modernization. During the colonial era,
they were made into providers of raw materials and had to purchase other
necessities from abroad. China, now the largest infrastructure investor in
Africa, has helped build roads and railways, water dams and power plants,
and bridges and telecom towers across the continent, laying the foundation
for the long-term development of Africa.
On jobs, it is absolute conjecture to claim that China’s growing presence
in Africa has cost locals their jobs. Research by leading global
organizations shows the opposite. A 2017 field study by McKinsey found
that in some 1,000 Chinese companies operating in eight African countries,
89 percent of the employees were local. Two thirds of these companies
provide on-the-job training for local employees and about half of them have
set up apprentice workshops or schools. Leading global accounting firm EY
said in a report last year that Chinese investment in Africa created more
than three times the number of local jobs than that of the United States in
2016 alone.
Since the introduction of the “10 cooperation plans” at the Johannesburg
Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in 2015, Chinese
companies have created some 900,000 jobs in Africa and provided technical
or vocational training for over 200,000 people in Africa.
Consider another truth: Chinese companies intentionally hire more local
workers because wages back home are rapidly rising. Importing a majority of
workers from China would prove a costly endeavor. On alleged environmental
irresponsibility, it is true that some of Chinese-built roads and railways
run through natural parks. But it does not mean China has no regard for
wildlife. For example, the addition of animal corridors along the
jointly-built Mombasa-Nairobi railway has garnered praise from local
residents and activists. Furthermore, China has brought its proven
expertise on fighting desertification to Africa, where expanding deserts
pose serious problems. Providing access to clean drinking water is another
example of cooperation. Besides drilling waterholes and building
conservation facilities, Chinese companies have begun building water
processing factories in Africa.
Setting a “debt trap” for African countries is yet another irrational claim
made against China. The rising debt levels in some African countries are
due to a combination of factors, including a drop in commodity prices,
especially since 2014. Data from the China Africa Research Initiative at
Johns Hopkins University shows that China has provided roughly 114 billion
U.S. dollars in loans to Africa from 2000-2016, which accounts for 1.8
percent of Africa’s total external debt.
Chinese loans to Africa have a lower interest rate and longer repayment
period compared to the market average, and these concessional loans are
primarily used to build infrastructure, which promises returns and is
essential for economic capacity building of African countries.All in all,
China values its relations with Africa and is walking the talk on win-win
cooperation. With ties between the two sides set to strengthen in the
coming years, exaggerated and fabricated claims intended to tarnish China’s
image in Africa will become a thing of the past. – XINHUA
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